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1 понижать голос
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2 понизить голос
1) General subject: depress the voice, drop voice, pitch voice lower, tone down voice -
3 понижать голос
General subject: depress the voice, lower voice -
4 deprimo
dē-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press down, weigh down, sink down, to depress (freq. and class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.vis venti nubem deprimit,
Lucr. 6, 432:qui (Critolaus) tantum propendere illam lancem putet, ut terram et maria deprimat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 17 fin.; cf. id. Fin. 5, 30, 92: deprimi in tenebras, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 19:ad mentum depresso supercilio,
id. Pis. 6 fin.:animus caelestis ex altissimo domicilio depressus et quasi demersus in terram,
id. de Sen. 21:depresso aratro (sc. in terram),
Verg. G. 1, 45 et saep.— Absol.:haec quae porto deprimunt,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 9.—In partic.1.To sink deep, as a plant, a well, etc.; to plant deep, to dig deep:2.vites in terram,
Cato R. R. 32 fin.; cf. Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 10:plantas,
Col. 11, 3, 28 et saep.:qui tollit aedificium, vel deprimit,
Dig. 8, 2, 17, § 2:saxum in mirandam altitudinem depressum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27; cf.:valle in altitudinem depressa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9, 2:locus circiter duodecim pedes humi depressus,
Sall. C. 55, 3:fossam,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 40, 3; Tac. A. 15, 42:deprimere vel allevare rivum,
Dig. 8, 4, 11 et saep.—Naut. t. t., to sink to the bottom, to sink, sc. a ship:II.partem navium,
Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:naves,
id. ib. 2, 6 fin.; 2, 7; Nep. Con. 4, 4:lenunculos,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43 fin.:carinam,
Ov. M. 14, 185; Tac. H. 4, 79: classis superata atque depressa, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 8, 21 et saep. —Trop.A.To press down, depress:B.animus depressus,
Lucr. 6, 53: vos, gemi nae voragines scopulique reipublicae, vos meam fortunam deprimitis? vestram extollitis? (a figure borrowed from the sinking of a ship, v. supra, no. I. B. 2), Cic. Pis. 18; cf.:improbitate depressa veritas emergit,
id. Clu. 65, 183:ita se quisque extollit, ut deprimat alium,
Liv. 3, 65 fin.; cf. id. 30, 36; Plin. Pan. 44, 6 et saep.:preces,
to suppress, silence, Nep. Att. 22, 2:nunc quid elocutio attollat aut deprimat dicendum,
Quint. 8, 3 fin.: depressus in ludum, i. e. pressed, forced, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3.—Esp., to depreciate in words, disparage (cf. depretio):C. A.adversariorum causam per contemptionem deprimere,
Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8; Cic. Inv. 1, 16, 22.—Lit., pressed down, i. e. deep, lying low, depressed (perh. only post-Aug.):B.humilius et depressius iter,
Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 2:aquaeductus depressior,
Front. Aquaed. 65:depresso loco castra ponere,
id. Strat. 1, 5, 24.—Transf., of the voice, low, suppressed:quam sedatissima et depressissima vox,
Auct. Her. 3, 14.— Adv.: dē-pressē, deeply; pos. not found.— Comp.:fodere, quo depressius aestivos specus foderint,
Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 9, 2:pastinare,
Col. 11, 3, 10. -
5 καθέλκω
A ,καθελκύσω Luc.DDeor.21.1
: [tense] aor. part.καθελκύσαντες Th.6.34
: [tense] pf.καθείλκῠκα D.5.12
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. (v. infr.):1 of ships, draw to the sea, launch, E.Hel. 1531, Ar.Ach. 544, Eq. 1315, Isoc.4.118;καθεῖλκον ναῦς ἐς τὸν Πειραιᾶ Th.2.94
: abs., Phld.Mus.p.15 K.,al.:—[voice] Pass.,τῶν νεῶν κατελκυσθεισέων ἐς θάλασσαν Hdt.7.100
; .2 draw down, depress the scale, Ar.Ra. 1398: metaph., outweigh,καθέλκει δρῦν πολὺ τὴν μακρὴν ὄμπνια Θεσμοφόρος Call.Aet. Oxy.2079.9
; [ ἡ τροφὴ]τοῖς λοιποῖς.. ἰσοσθενεῖ καὶ κ. τὰ πάντα Gal. 19.190
.3 in building, carry down, τὰ σκέλη καθείλκυσται the long walls have been carried down to the sea, Str.8.6.22.II metaph., drag down,τὸ Χεῖρον.. καθελκυσθὲν συνεφελκύσασθαι τὸ μέσον Plot.2.9.2
, cf. Luc.Apol.11.2 constrain. compel, BGU648.12 (ii A.D.), POxy.899.25 (iii A.D.);τινὰ εἰς φιλανθρωπίαν Lib.Or.15.29
([voice] Pass.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καθέλκω
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6 reducir
v.1 to reduce.nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cutreducir algo a algo to reduce something to somethingreducir algo al absurdo to make a nonsense of somethingElla redujo la velocidad She reduced the speed.2 to suppress, to subdue (someter) (país, ciudad).3 to convert (Mat) (convertir).4 to set (medicine).5 to shorten, to shrink.Ellos redujeron las tablas They shortened the boards.6 to cut down, to depress, to de-escalate, to deescalate.Ellos redujeron los gastos They cut down expenses.7 to conquer, to subdue, to subjugate.Ellos redujeron a los nativos They conquered the natives.8 to hydrogenate.* * *1 (gen) to reduce2 (disminuir) to reduce, cut, cut down on3 (vencer) to subdue4 MEDICINA to set5 (una salsa, etc) to reduce, boil down1 AUTOMÓVIL to change down, change to a lower gear1 (gen) to be reduced; (decrecer) to decrease2 (resultar) to come down (a, to)* * *verb1) to reduce, cut2) decrease3) subdue* * *1. VT1) (=disminuir)a) [en cantidad] [+ gastos, inflación, precio] to reduce, bring down, cut; [+ tensión, ansiedad] to reduce; [+ riesgo] to reduce, lessenmedidas encaminadas a reducir el número de parados — measures designed to reduce o bring down o cut the number of unemployed
han reducido las listas de espera en los hospitales — they have reduced o cut hospital waiting lists
el autobús redujo su velocidad — the bus reduced speed, the bus slowed down
el banco redujo su beneficio un 12% — the bank saw its profits fall by 12%
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reducir algo en algo — to reduce sth by sth, cut sth by sthtenemos que reducir la producción en un 20% — we have to reduce o cut production by 20%
b) [en tiempo] [+ jornada laboral] to reduce, shorten; [+ sentencia] to reducehan reducido la mili a nueve meses — they have reduced o cut military service to nine months
sus abogados consiguieron reducir la sentencia a dos meses — his lawyers managed to get his sentence reduced to two months
c) [en tamaño] [+ copia] to reduce; [+ discurso, artículo] to cut down, shorten2)•
reducir algo a algo —a) (=limitar) to limit sth to sth; (=simplificar) to reduce sth to sthredujo su intervención a criticar al gobierno — her participation was limited to criticizing the government
b) (=convertir) [+ cantidad, medida] to convert sth into sth; [+ fracción, ecuación] to reduce sth into sth3) (=someter) [+ ladrón, fugitivo, loco] to overpower; [+ alborotadores] to subdue; [+ fortaleza] to subdue, reduce frm•
reducir a algn al silencio — [por la fuerza, por miedo] to silence sb; [por vergüenza, humillación] to reduce sb to silence4) (Med) [+ hueso, hernia] to set, reduce frm5) (Quím) to reduce6) LAm [en el mercado negro] to get rid of *2.VI (Aut) to change down3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex. Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.Ex. A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex. In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex. The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex. These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex. Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex. Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex. More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex. If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex. Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex. But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex. 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex. Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex. This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex. He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex. Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex. In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex. The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex. Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex. May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex. The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex. You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex. They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.----* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <gastos/costos> to cut, reduce; <velocidad/producción/consumo> to reducereducir al mínimo los riesgos — to minimize o to reduce the risks to a minimum
le redujeron la pena — they shortened o reduced his sentence
reducir algo a su mínima expresión — (Mat) to reduce something to its simplest form
b) <fotocopia/fotografía> to reduce2)a) ( transformar)reducir algo A algo: reducir los gramos a milígramos to convert the grams to milligrams; quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes; mis ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada — my dreams came to nothing
b) (Quím) to reducec) (AmS) < objeto robado> to receive, fence (colloq)4) <fractura/hernia> to set, reduce (tech)2.reducir vi1) (Coc) to reduce, boil down2) (Auto) to shift into a lower gear3.reducirse v pronreducirse A algo: todo se reduce a tener tacto it all comes down to being tactful; todo se redujo a un paseo por el río — in the end it was just a walk by the river
* * *= abridge, compress, contract, curtail, erode, gut, narrow, prune, reduce, shorten, stifle, lower, cut back (on), cut, cut down (on), deplete, lessen, pare down, keep down + Nombre, retrench, narrow down, whittle (away/down/at), slim down, slow down, slow up, taper, wind + Nombre + down, cut + Nombre + short, scale back, downgrade [down-grade], shave off, shrink, mark + Nombre + down.Ex: Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.
Ex: A library of a million volumes could be compressed into one end of a desk.Ex: In the face of emergencies, breadth of vision tends to contract, narrowing the range of responses.Ex: The imposition of fee-based services may radically curtail the breadth of resources available to library users where historically information has been offered freely.Ex: These arrangements should also erode price differentials between Europe and the US, and permit each country to support its own online services.Ex: Prices of European produced scientific, technical and medical serials continue to gut US research libraries.Ex: Hierarchical relationships must be indicated in order that the users may broaden or narrow the search parameters.Ex: More balanced schedules were achieved by pruning the 31000 subjects enumerated in the fourteenth edition to 4700.Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.Ex: If there are holds on the title, the loan period is shortened to 14 days.Ex: Excessive emphasis on the need to exact payment will stifle the flow of information.Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.Ex: But higher education, which expanded between 1959 and 1979 from 164,000 to 519,600 students in full-time higher education, has also been cutting back on purchases.Ex: 'The word's out: all departments have to cut their staffs by 10%' -- Her voice was weak and laden with woe.Ex: Abstracts cut down considerably on legwork in hunting for information.Ex: This intermediate grade would equate with the senior library assistant, a category much depleted in UK academic librarianship.Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.Ex: He said again that we should pare it down to something much more in line with his figures.Ex: Activities such as gardening or cookery are dealt with in many books in ways which go far beyond the simple keeping down of weeds or just filling empty stomachs.Ex: In the face of overpublishing and growing scepticism, this once booming area is now retrenching and broadening its coverage = En vista del exceso de publicaciones y del creciente escepticismo, este área que una vez estuvo en auge ahora ha venido a menos.Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.Ex: The abundance of book types and titles makes display and merchandising increasingly difficult; some booksellers are dealing with this by slimming down or cutting out certain categories.Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.Ex: Not the least of the ironies of this venture is that going ahead with it is as full of hazard as winding it down abruptly.Ex: May I just cut you short, because I've discussed this problem with Peter Jacobs just this week.Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.Ex: The opposite of the 'halo effect' -- downgrading someone you dislike but whose work is good -- is also an error.Ex: You can shave off as much as 50% or even more from your current rate for home insurance in Arizona.Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.Ex: They have just marked down all summer handbags to 50 percent off.* que reduce el estrés = stress-reducing.* reducir a cero = reduce to + nil.* reducir a la mitad = halve, cut in + half, halve, reduce by + half.* reducir a la nada = reduce to + nil.* reducir al mínimo = minimise [minimize, -USA], reduce to + a minimum, cut down to + a minimum, keep to + a (bare) minimum, cut to + the bone.* reducir a lo mínimo = cut to + the bone.* reducir a miniatura = miniaturise [miniaturize, -USA].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* reducir de plantilla = downsize.* reducir de tamaño = reduce in + size.* reducir el esfuerzo = reduce + effort.* reducir el impacto = minimise + impact.* reducir el papeleo = slash + red tape.* reducir el precio = reduce + price, cut + price.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* reducir el riesgo = reduce + risk.* reducir el tamaño = reduce + size.* reducir el tiempo = cut down + time.* reducir el valor = reduce + value.* reducir gastos = cut + costs, cut + spending, make + economies, make + cuts, reduce + costs.* reducir gradualmente = scale down.* reducir la burocracia = slash + red tape.* reducir la posibilidad = minimise + possibility.* reducir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.* reducir las diferencias = bridge + the gap, bridge + the divide, bridge + the chasm, bridge + the gulf, close + the gap.* reducir las diferencias entre... y = narrow + the gap between... and.* reducir las distancias = reduce + distance, close + the gap.* reducir las posibilidades de = narrow + the vision of.* reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.* reducir los impuestos = cut + taxes.* reducir pérdidas = cut down + losses, cut + losses.* reducir progresivamente = phase out.* reducirse a = boil down to, come down to.* reducirse poco a poco = dribble off.* reducir una limitación = push + limits (further and further back).* reducir una palabra a su raíz = stem.* reducir un obstáculo = lower + barrier.* * *reducir [I6 ]vtA1 ‹gastos/costos› to cut, cut down on, reduce; ‹velocidad› to reduce; ‹producción/consumo› to reducehemos reducido el número de casos we have brought down o reduced the number of casesredujeron el número de plazas they cut the number of places o the number of places was reducedhan prometido reducir los impuestos they have promised to cut o reduce taxescon esto se intenta reducir al mínimo el riesgo de infección this is intended to minimize o to reduce to a minimum the risk of infectionejercicios para reducir (la) cintura exercises to reduce your waistlinereducir algo A algo to reduce sth TO sthhan reducido el texto a 50 páginas they have shortened o reduced the text to fifty pagesle han reducido la pena a dos años they have commuted o shortened o reduced his sentence to two yearsla población quedó reducida a la mitad the population was reduced to half of its former sizereducir algo a su mínima expresión ( Mat) to reduce sth to its simplest expression o formel suéter quedó reducido a su mínima expresión ( hum); the sweater shrank to nothingreducir algo EN algo to reduce sth BY sthpretenden reducir el gasto en cinco millones they aim to reduce costs by five million2 ‹fotocopia/fotografía› to reduceB1 (transformar) reducir algo A algo:reducir los gramos a miligramos to convert the grams to milligramsreducir quebrados a un mínimo común denominador to reduce fractions to their lowest common denominatorquedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashestodas sus ilusiones quedaron reducidas a la nada all his dreams were shattered2 ( Quím) to reduceC (dominar, someter) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue; ‹ladrón› to overpowerreducir a un pueblo a la esclavitud to reduce a people to slaveryD ‹fractura/hernia› to set, reduce ( tech)E (CS) ‹cadáver/restos mortales› to exhume ( for reburial in a niche or smaller coffin)■ reducirviA ( Coc) to reduce, boil downdejar reducir la salsa leave the sauce to boil down o reducereducirse A algo:todo se reduce a saber interpretar las cifras it all comes down to knowing how to interpret the figurestodo se redujo a una visita a la catedral y un paseo por el río in the end it was just a visit to the cathedral and a walk along the river* * *
reducir ( conjugate reducir) verbo transitivo
1
‹velocidad/producción/consumo› to reduce;
reducir algo A algo to reduce sth to sth;
reducir algo EN algo to reduce sth by sth
2a) ( transformar):
quedaron reducidos a cenizas they were reduced to ashes
3 ( dominar) ‹enemigo/rebeldes› to subdue;
‹ ladrón› to overpower
reducirse verbo pronominal:
reducir
I verbo transitivo
1 (disminuir) to reduce
reducir algo en algo, to reduce sthg by sthg
(gastos, consumo, etc) to cut (down), minimize
2 (convertir, transformar) to reduce: el incendio redujo el bosque a cenizas, the fire reduced the wood to ashes
3 (subyugar) to subdue
II vi Auto to change down, US to downshift
' reducir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bajar
- ceniza
- encaminada
- encaminado
- moler
- disminuir
- minimizar
- mínimo
- mira
English:
administrative
- austerity
- ax
- axe
- change down
- corner
- curtail
- cut
- cut back
- cut down
- decrease
- deficit
- deplenish
- deplete
- depress
- downsize
- effective
- halve
- lighten
- lower
- narrow down
- prune
- pulp
- rate
- receive
- reduce
- retrench
- scale down
- shorten
- slow
- wind down
- bring
- cost
- deaden
- decelerate
- diminish
- discount
- get
- lessen
- loss
- minimize
- over
- pare
- scale
- slacken
- traffic
- whittle
- wind
* * *♦ vt1. [disminuir] to reduce;[gastos, costes, impuestos, plantilla] to cut; [producción] to cut (back on);nos han reducido el sueldo our salary has been cut;reduzca la velocidad [en letrero] reduce speed now;reducir algo a algo to reduce sth to sth;el edificio quedó reducido a escombros the building was reduced to a pile of rubble;reducir algo al mínimo to reduce sth to a minimum;tú todo lo reduces a tener dinero the only thing you care about is money;reducir a la mínima expresión to cut down to the bare minimum2. [fotocopia] to reduce3. [someter] [país, ciudad] to suppress, to subdue;[atracador, ladrón, sublevados] to overpower6. Quím to reduce8. Andes, RP [objetos robados] to receive, to fence9. RP [cadáver] to exhume [for reburial in smaller container]♦ vireduce a tercera change down into third (gear)* * *v/t1 reduce (a to); gastos cut;reducir personal cut jobs, reduce staff numbers;reducir la marcha AUTO downshift, shift into a lower gear2 MIL overcome* * *reducir {61} vt1) disminuir: to reduce, to decrease, to cut2) : to subdue3) : to boil down* * *reducir vb to reduce -
7 abbassare
prezzo lowerradio turn downabbassare la voce lower one's voice* * *abbassare v.tr.1 ( portare più in basso, chinare) to lower: abbassare le vele, to lower the sails; abbassare gli occhi, il capo, to lower one's eyes, head; abbassare il livello di vita, to lower the standard of living; abbassare la voce, to lower (o to drop) one's voice; abbassare la guardia, to lower (o to drop) one's guard // abbassare un primato, to beat a record // (mat.): abbassare una perpendicolare, to drop a perpendicular; abbassare un numero, ( nelle divisioni) to bring down a number // abbassare le armi, (fig.) to lay down one's arms // abbassare la cresta, (fig.) to eat humble pie2 ( ridurre) ( i prezzi) to reduce, to knock down, to knock off; (gas ecc.) to turn down: abbassa la televisione per piacere, turn down the television, please; abbassare la luce, to dim the light3 ( far scendere) to let* down, to lower: abbassare una saracinesca, to let a shutter down; abbassare un finestrino, to let a window down◘ abbassarsi v.rifl. o intr.pron.1 ( chinarsi) to stoop (down); to bend* (down): sono troppo rigido per abbassarmi, I'm too stiff to bend (down)2 (fig.) to lower oneself, to humble oneself4 ( calare, ridursi): ( di acque) to subside; ( di vento) to drop; ( di temperatura) to drop, to fall*; ( di luce) to dim; ( di sipario) to drop.* * *[abbas'sare]1. vt1) to lower, (leva) to press down, (finestrino della macchina) to wind down, (finestrino del treno, tapparella) to pull downabbassare la guardia Sport, fig — to drop one's guard
2) (volume, radio, TV) to turn down, (voce) to lower3) (diminuire: prezzi) to reduce, bring down5) (Geom : perpendicolare) to drop2. vr (abbassarsi)abbassarsi a fare qc — to lower o.s. to do sth
3. vip (abbassarsi)1) (temperatura, prezzi) to drop, fall, (marea) to go out, fall, (livello) to go down, (sipario) to fall2) (peggiorare: vista) to deteriorate* * *[abbas'sare] 1.verbo transitivo1) (ridurre) (d'intensità) to lower [ volume]; to lower, to dim [ luce]; to dip BE, to dim AE [ fari]; to turn down [riscaldamento, radio]; (d'altezza) to lower [muro, siepe]; (di valore) to reduce, to bring* down [ prezzi]; to lower [ livello] (di by)abbassare la voce — to drop o lower one's voice
2) (portare a livello più basso) to lower [ soffitto]abbassare il voto a qcn., di qcs. — scol. to mark sb., sth. down
3) (tirare giù) to pull down, to lower [avvolgibile, saracinesca]; to pull down [visiera, pantaloni]; to wind* down [ finestrino]4) (spingere giù) to press down [ leva]2.abbassare il capo — (per precauzione) to lower one's head; (in segno di rispetto) to bow one's head
verbo pronominale abbassarsi1) (diminuire) [temperatura, pressione] to lower, to drop, to go* down; [ luce] to dim, to lower; [ prezzi] to decrease; [vista, udito] to weaken; [ voce] to fail2) (diventare più basso) [ terreno] to subside, to sink*; [ marea] to go* down; [ torta] to sink*, to fall*3) (chinarsi) [ persona] to bend* down4) (umiliarsi) to lower oneself-rsi a fare qcs. — to sink o stoop so low as to do sth
* * *abbassare/abbas'sare/ [1]1 (ridurre) (d'intensità) to lower [ volume]; to lower, to dim [ luce]; to dip BE, to dim AE [ fari]; to turn down [ riscaldamento, radio]; (d'altezza) to lower [ muro, siepe]; (di valore) to reduce, to bring* down [ prezzi]; to lower [ livello] ( di by); abbassare la voce to drop o lower one's voice; abbassa la voce! keep your voice down!2 (portare a livello più basso) to lower [ soffitto]; abbassare il voto a qcn., di qcs. scol. to mark sb., sth. down3 (tirare giù) to pull down, to lower [ avvolgibile, saracinesca]; to pull down [ visiera, pantaloni]; to wind* down [ finestrino]4 (spingere giù) to press down [ leva]6 (chinare) to lower, to drop [ occhi]; abbassare lo sguardo to look down; abbassare il capo (per precauzione) to lower one's head; (in segno di rispetto) to bow one's headII abbassarsi verbo pronominale1 (diminuire) [ temperatura, pressione] to lower, to drop, to go* down; [ luce] to dim, to lower; [ prezzi] to decrease; [ vista, udito] to weaken; [ voce] to fail2 (diventare più basso) [ terreno] to subside, to sink*; [ marea] to go* down; [ torta] to sink*, to fall*3 (chinarsi) [ persona] to bend* down -
8 ἐρείδω
Aἔρειδον Il.13.131
: [tense] fut. , Aristid. Or.17(15).10 codd.: [tense] aor. 1 , Pl.Phdr. 254e, Ti. 91e ; [dialect] Boeot. [ per.] 3sg.εἴρισε Corinn.Supp.1.32
; [dialect] Ep. ἔρεισα ([etym.] ἐπ-) Il.7.269 : [tense] pf. ἤρεικα ([etym.] συν-) Hp.Morb.Sacr.7, ([etym.] προς-) Plb.5.60.8 ; butἐρήρεικα Dsc.Eup.1.84
, ([etym.] προς-) Plu.Aem.19:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. ἐρείσομαι ([etym.] ἀπ-) Arist.Pr. 885b29, Plb.15.25.25 : [tense] aor. 1 , ([etym.] ἀπ-) Pl. R. 508d ; [dialect] Ep.ἐρ- Il.5.309
:—[voice] Pass., 3 [tense] fut.ἐρηρείσεται Hp.Mul.2.133
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. 1ἐρείσθην Il.7.145
: [tense] pf.ἐρήρεισμαι Hdt.4.152
, Hp.Art.78 (but [ per.] 2sg.ἠρήρεισθα Archil.94
is from ἀραρίσκω) ; also ἤρεισμαι Ti. [dialect] Locr. 98e ( ἐρήρ- ib. 97e), D.S.4.12, Paus.6.25.5 ; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] pf.ἐρηρέδαται Il.23.284
, 329, [dialect] Ep.ἐρήρεινται A.R.2.320
: [tense] plpf.ἠρήρειστο Il.4.136
; [ per.] 3pl.ἐρηρέδατο Od.7.95
,ἠρήρειντο A.R.3.1398
:—Hom. uses the augm. only in ἠρήρειστο, Hes.Sc. 362 in ἠρείσατο.—[dialect] Ep., [dialect] Ion., and poet. Verb, also found in Pl. and later Prose:—cause to lean, prop,δόρυ..πρὸς τεῖχος ἐρείσας Il.22.112
;θρόνον πρὸς κίονα μακρὸν ἐρείσας Od. 8.66
;πύργῳ ἔπι προὔχοντι..ἀσπίδ' ἐρείσας Il.22.97
; [νέκυας] ἀλλήλοισιν ἐ. piling them against each other, Od.22.450 ;ἐρείσατε..πλευρὸν ἀμφιδέξιον S.OC 1112
; πρὸς στέρν' ἐρείσας (sc. τοὺς παῖδας) E.HF 1362, cf. Ba. 684 ;τὰ ἰσχία πρὸς τὴν γῆν Pl.Phdr. 254e
;ἐ. τινὰ εἰς ἕδραν E.Heracl. 603
;τὰς κεφαλὰς εἰς γῆν Pl.Ti. 91e
;ἐς χεῖρας ἐ. τι Theoc.7.104
;ἐ. τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐπὶ γῆς Pl.Ti. 43e
;τὸ γόνυ κατὰ τοῦ ἰσχίου Plu.Flam.20
;ῥόῳ ἔνι κάλπιν A.R.1.1234
: generally, fix firmly, plant,ἄγκυραν χθονί Pi.P.10.51
;εἰς γῆν ἐ. ὄμμα E.IA 1123
, cf. Aristid.Or.17(15).10 ;ἐπὶ χθονὸς ὄμματ' A.R.1.784
; ἐ. πόδας ἐς βένθος plant the foot firm, ib. 1010 : metaph., ἐ. τὰν γνώμαν fix one's mind firmly on a thing, Theoc.21.61.2 prop up, support, stay, ἀσπὶς ἄρ' ἀσπίδ' ἔρειδε, κόρυς κόρυν, ἀνέρα δ' ἀνήρ, of close ranks of men-atarms, Il.13.131 ;ἐπ' ἀσπίδος ἀσπίδ' ἔρεισον Tyrt.11.31
;πέλτην ἐρεῖσαι E.Rh. 487
;κίον' οὐρανοῦ τε καὶ χθονὸς ὤμοιν ἐ. A.Pr. 352
.4 push, thrust,ὅπῃ κέ τις..ἐρείδῃ Emp.12.3
;ἔπη..ἤρειδε κατὰ τῶν ἱππέων
hurled forth..,Ar.
Eq. 627 ; :—[voice] Med.,ἔπος πρὸς ἔπος ἠρειδόμεσθ' Id.Nu. 1375
.5 infix, plant in,πλευραῖς ἔγχος S.Ant. 1236
; ἀνταίαν πληγήν inflict it, E.Andr. 844 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., ἄλγημα ἐρηρεισμένον fixed pain, Gal.8.385.7 of wagers or matches, match, set one pledge against another, Theoc.5.24.II intr., press hard,ἀμφ' αὐτῷ πελεμίξαι ἐρείδοντες βελέεσσιν Il.16.108
; ;νέφος ἐ. ἐπὶ γῆν Plu. Num.2
;πνεῦμα κατὰ τῆς σχεδίας Id.Crass.19
; of an illness or pain, settle upon a particular part,νόσος ὁμότοιχος ἐ. A.Ag. 1004
(lyr.), cf. Ruf. ap. Orib.45.30.27, Gal.11.61 ; exert pressure: hence, rest,ἐπὶ τὸ ἔδαφος HeroAut.2.7
.2 set to work, fall to, esp. of eating, , cf. 25 (where, acc. to Sch., it is metaph. from rowers) ; .III [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., prop oneself, lean upon, τῷ ὅ γ' ἐρεισάμενος (sc. σκήπτρῳ) Il.2.109;ἔγχει ἐ. 14.38
;ἐπὶ μελίης..ἐρεισθείς 22.225
: c. gen., ἐρείσατο χειρὶ παχείῃ γαίης leant with his hand against the earth, 5.309 : abs., having planted himself firm, taken a firm stand,12.457
, cf. 16.736 ; of one fallen, , 11.144 ; οὔδεϊ..σφι χαῖται ἐρηρέδαται their hair rests on the ground, 23.284 ; γόνατος κονίαισιν ἐρειδομένου set, planted in.., A.Ag.64(anap.);τοῖσι γούνασι ἐρηρεισμένοι Hdt.4.152
;ταῖς χερσὶν ἐπὶ δόρατι ἠρεισμένος Paus.6.25.5
, cf. Corn.ND9 ; press closely, be tight, of bandages, Hp.Off.8 ; τοὺς ὀδόντας ἐρήρεισται has her teeth clenched, Hp. ap. Erot. (ξυνερήρ. codd. Hp.).2 to be fixed firm, planted, had been fixed,Il.
3.358, etc.; stand firmly fixed,23.329
;θρόνοι περὶ τοῖχον ἐρηρέδατ' Od.7.95
;ἁ γᾶ ἐρήρεισται ἐπὶ τᾶς αὐτᾶς ῥοπᾶς Ti.Locr.97e
: abs., is set firm,A.
Ch. 646 (lyr.); opp. πλανᾶσθαι, Arist.GA 720a12; ἐρηρεικός, of a bone stuck in the throat, Dsc.Eup.1.84.3 ἐρείδεσθαι ναυαγίαις to be driven ashore in shipwreck, Pi.I.1.36.IV [voice] Med.,1 in recipr. sense, struggle one with another, Il.23.735 (v.l. ἐρίζεσθον).2 c. acc., support or set firmly for oneself,πλησίον ἠρείσαντο καρήατα Simon.172
; ;ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἴχνος AP12.84
(Mel.);ἐπὶ τοίχῳ λίθον Theoc.23.49
;ἐπὶ χειρὶ παρειήν A.R.3.1160
;χεῖρας σκηπανίῳ AP6.83
(Maced.); ἐπὶ σκίπωνος τὸ γῆρας ib.7.457 ([place name] Aristo); ἐς πόλον ἐκ γαίης μῆτιν ἐ. to raise one's thoughts.., ib.9.782 (Paul. Sil.). -
9 συστέλλω
A draw together: shorten sail, (lyr.): Com. metaph.,συστείλας γε τοὺς ἀλλᾶντας εἶτ' ἀφήσω κατὰ κῦμ' ἐμαυτὸν οὔριον Id.Eq. 432
; draw in, contract, of the mouth, Hp.VM22; σ. ἑαυτόν, of a snake, Arist.HA 594a19;σ. καὶ προβάλλειν τὴν γλῶτταν Id.PA 660a23
; σ. τὸ πρόσωπον, so as to express disgust, Luc.DMeretr.13.5; of soldiers, σ. τινὰς εἰς τὸ τεῖχος, εἴσω τοῦ χάρακος ἑαυτούς, Plu.Sull.9, Cam.34:— [voice] Pass., contract oneself, draw in, Arist.MA 701b15, Pr. 949a17, Sor. 1.7;τὸν ἀέρα.. τυποῦσθαι συστελλόμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ ὁρωμένου καὶ τοῦ ὁρῶντος Thphr.Sens.50
;συνέσταλται.. τὸ θερμόν Id.Ign.13
;σ. εἰς ὀλίγον Plu.Arist.14
;εἰς μεῖόν τι X.Vect.4.3
; εἰς τρίβωνα ῥᾳδίως συστέλλομαι (cf. infr. 11) Crates Theb.16;ἐς βραχύ Luc.Icar.12
;τοῖς ὄγκοις συνεσταλμένοι D.S.4.20
; βραχίονας καὶ καρποὺς.. ἐν τοῖς συνεσταλμένοις ἀποδεσμεύειν at the narrow parts, Gal.12.693; - όμεναι ὥσπερ ὄρνιθες gathering together, Plu.2.565e; cf. συνεσταλμένως.2 contract, reduce, ; ἁμαρτήματα ὡς εἰς ἐλάχιστα ς. D.18.246;σ. ἐπὶ τὸ ταπεινότερον Arist.Rh.Al. 1423b24
;τὰς φυσικὰς λύπας εἰς μικρόν Diog.Oen.2
;τὴν ῥύσιν Sor.2.41
;τὰ συσσίτια πρὸς τὸ σωφρονέστερον D.C.54.2
:—[voice] Pass., draw cowering together,συσταλέντες.. σιγῇ καθήμεθ' E.IT 295
; τῇ διαίτῃ συνεστάλθαι to be moderate, Hp.Art.50, cf. Phld.Vit.p.22 J.; ξ. ἐς εὐτέλειαν retrench expenses, Th.8.4;ἵνα συνσταλῶσιν αἱ λίαν ἄκαιροι δαπάναι IG22.1329.11
, cf. PAmh.2.70.3 (ii A.D.).b deprive of all food and drink,συστέλλειν, εἰ δὲ μὴ ἀντέχοι τις, ἐπ' ὀλιγοσιτίας καὶ ὑδροποσίας τηρεῖν Sor.2.15
, cf. 86.3 humble, abase, τάτοι μέγιστα πολλάκις θεὸς.. συνέστειλεν E.Fr. 716
; ταπεινοῦντα καὶ ς. Pl.Ly. 210e;αἱ συμφοραὶ σ. τινάς Isoc.8.85
; opp. ἐξαίρω, Phld.Vit. p.20 J.; depress (opp. διαχέω, ἀνίημι), διάνοιαν Aristid.Quint.2.9
, 10:— [voice] Pass., to be lowered or cast down,συνέσταλμαι κακοῖς E.HF 1417
, cf. Tr. 108 (anap.); [δοῦλοι] σ. τὰς φύσεις Heraclid.Pont.
ap. Ath.12.512b.4 σ. λέξιν lower it, make it mean, Hermog.Id.1.6; pronounce a syllable short, opp. ἐκτείνω, D.H.Comp.14 ([voice] Pass.); δίχρονα συνεσταλμένα doubtful vowels when shortened, A.D.Pron.11.19.5 [ ὀνόματα] συστέλλεται ἐκ τῆς πολλῆς ποιότητος τῇ παραθέσει τοῦ ἄρθρου are reduced or restricted out of their generality, Id.Synt.69.4.II wrap closely up, shroud, , cf. Luc.Im.7:—[voice] Med., ξυστειλάμεναι θαἰμάτια wrapping our cloaks close round us, Ar.Ec.99; συστέλλου σεαυτήν gird up your loins, get ready for action, ib. 486 (lyr.); ξυστᾰλείς tucked up, ready for action, Id.V. 424 (troch.), cf. Lys. 1042 (troch.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συστέλλω
-
10 понижавам
1. lower, reduce; debaserelegate (до to)(служебно) reduce in rank/status, degrade, downgradeпонижавам гласа си drop/lower/hush o.'s voiceпонижавам цени lower/reduce/cut prices2. муз. flatten, ( при пеене) sing flatпонижавам се go down, drop, fallнастроението се понижи the spirits fellцените са се понижили prices have dropped* * *понижа̀вам,гл.1. lower, reduce; debase; relegate (до to); ( служебно) reduce in rank/status, declass, degrade, downgrade, demote; sl. kick downstairs; ( качество, стойност) debase; \понижавам гласа си drop/lower/hush o.’s voice;\понижавам се go down, drop, fall.* * *lower: Our company will понижавам the prices of our products. - Компанията ни ще понижи цените на нашите продукти.; reduce: понижавам in rank - понижавам в длъжност; abase; demote{di`mout}; depress; discount; disrate{dis`reit}; drop: The temperatures have понижавамped. - Температурите са се понижили.; go down; slash{slES}* * *1. (служебно) reduce in rank/ status, degrade, downgrade 2. lower, reduce;debase 3. relegate (до to) 4. ПОНИЖАВАМ ce go down, drop, fall 5. ПОНИЖАВАМ гласа си drop/lower/hush o.'s voice 6. ПОНИЖАВАМ цени lower/ reduce/cut prices 7. муз. flatten, (при пеене) sing flat 8. настроението се понижи the spirits fell 9. цените са се понижили prices have dropped -
11 βαρύνω
A- ῠνῶ X.Ap.9
: [tense] aor.ἐβάρῡνα Plu.2.127c
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pres., Il.19.165, etc.: [tense] fut.βαρυνθήσομαι S.Fr. 697
, Plb.5.94.9, LXXSi.3.26: [tense] aor.ἐβαρύνθην Il.20.480
, etc.: [tense] pf.βεβάρυμμαι Hp.Ep.17
, Arist.Phgn. (v. infr.), LXX Na.2.9 (10): ([etym.] βαρύς):—weigh down, oppress, depress,εἵματα γάρ ῥ' ἐβάρυνε Od.5.321
;βάρυνε δέ μιν δόρυ μακρὸν ἑλκόμενον Il.5.664
, etc.; ἤν σε βαρύνῃ δίψος Epigr. ap. Sotion p.39 W.:—[voice] Pass., λάθρῃ γυῖα βαρύνεται he is heavy, i. e. weary, in limb, Il.19.165; χεῖρα βαρυνθείς disabled in hand, 20.480; βεβαρύνθαι to be oppressed by surfeit, etc., Arist.Phgn. 810b22, cf. HA 582b8, Ph.1.38;ὑπὸ κόπου D.H.1.39
; to be pregnant,Luc.
Merc.Cond.34, cf. X.Mem. 2.2.5; ; β. alone, Nonn.D.26.270;βαρύνεταί τινι τὸ σκέλος Ar.Ach. 220
, cf. Pl.Phd. 117e; ὄμμα β., of one dying, E. Alc. 385; βαρυνόμεν' ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα ἐκ παθέων Timo 9; also ὃ αὐταῖς ἐβαρύνθη weighed upon them, Plot.4.3.15.2 metaph., oppress, weary,ἀστῶν ἀκοὰ κρύφιον θυμὸν β. Pi.P.1.84
;τοὺς δικαστάς X.Ap.9
; of cold, Arist.Somn.Vig. 456b26; make more grievous,ἀνίαν Ph.2.425
:— [voice] Pass., to be oppressed, distressed, Simon,184.5, Pi.N.7.43, S.El. 820, Th.8.1; πήμασιν by calamities, A.Ag. 836, cf. 189(lyr.);χόλῳ S.Aj. 41
; ; ;ξυντυχίᾳ Cratin.166
;διά τι Th.5.7
; ὑπό τινων Nic.Dam.p.38 D.; was made stubborn, was hardened, Ex.8.15(11), al.; also c.acc.,τὰ λυπηρὰ τῆς τύχης D.H.4.14
;γῆρας J.BJ1.32.2
, cf. Plu. Cor.31, D.Chr.43.6;τινά Id.40.1
, Plu.Thes.32, POxy.298.26(i A.D.); to be overloaded with,Eun.
Hist.p.248D.II mark with the grave accent, Hdn.Gr.1.18, A.D.Synt.120.4,Ath.2.52f.—βαρύνω 1
is replaced by βαρέω in later Greek. -
12 передача
communications, communication, dispatch, (напр. сигналов) dissemination, drive, exchange, gear авто, gearing, passing вчт., ( сигнала) propagation, relay, relaying, rendering, rendition, sending, speed, transfer, transference, transmission* * *переда́ча ж.1. свз. transmission; (передаваемая информация, сообщения) traffic [exchange] of messages; (особ. метод передачи в линию) signallingпереда́ча А сбра́сывает переда́чу Б — transmission A silences transmission Bвести́ переда́чу «вслепу́ю» — send [transmit] blindвести́ переда́чу для опознава́ния ав. — transmit for identificationвести́ переда́чу с буквопеча́тающим контро́лем — type the home copy while sendingзапи́сывать переда́чу ( об операторе) — transcribe [record] a transmission [a message]2. ( вид излучения) emission, transmission3. ( механизм передачи движения) transmission, gearна второ́й переда́че — in second gearна пе́рвой переда́че — in first gearна прямо́й переда́че — on direct gearна тре́тьей переда́че — in third gearпереключа́ть переда́чу авто — change [shift] the gearsпереходи́ть на вы́сшую переда́чу авто — upshiftпереходи́ть на ни́зшую переда́чу авто — downshiftрабо́тать че́рез повыша́ющую переда́чу мех. — be geared upрабо́тать че́рез понижа́ющую переда́чу мех. — be geared down4. ( перенос изделия на агрегатных станках) transferамплиту́дно-модули́рованная переда́ча — amplitude-modulated [AM] transmissionпереда́ча «бли́ндом» рад. — blind transmissionве́дущаяся переда́ча свз. — transmission [communication] in progressпереда́ча в зо́не прямо́й ви́димости рад. — line-of-sight transmissionпереда́ча да́нных с непреры́вным автомати́ческим запро́сом подтвержде́ния — continuous-ARQ data communicationпереда́ча да́нных с ожида́нием подтвержде́ния — stop-and-wait ARQ data communicationвнестуди́йная переда́ча — outside broadcasting; outdoor pick-upгидравли́ческая переда́ча — hydraulic transmissionгидродинами́ческая переда́ча — hydrodynamic [hydraulic rotary] transmissionгидростати́ческая переда́ча — hydrostatic [(positive-)displacement hydraulic] transmissionгла́вная переда́ча — final driveпереда́ча да́нных — ( внутри и между ЭВМ и периферийными устройствами) data transfer; ( по линиям связи) data communication, data transmissionпереда́ча двумя́ боковы́ми полоса́ми — double-sideband [DSB] transmissionзубча́тая переда́ча — gearing, gear train, gear transmissionзубча́тая, винтова́я переда́ча — crossed-axis helical [hypoid] gearing, skew gearingзубча́тая, геликоида́льная переда́ча — crossed-axis helical gearingзубча́тая, гиперболо́идная переда́ча — hyperboloid(al) gearingзубча́тая, гипо́идная переда́ча — hypoid gearingзубча́тая, глобо́идная переда́ча — globoid gearingзубча́тая, кони́ческая переда́ча — bevel gearingзубча́тая, многоступе́нчатая переда́ча — multiple gearingзубча́тая переда́ча Но́викова — Novikov gearingзубча́тая, одноступе́нчатая переда́ча — single gearingзубча́тая, планета́рная переда́ча — planetary [epicyclic, sun-and-planet] gearзубча́тая, повыша́ющая переда́ча — step-up gear(ing)зубча́тая, понижа́ющая переда́ча — step-down gear(ing)зубча́тая, проста́я переда́ча — simple gearingзубча́тая переда́ча с вне́шним зацепле́нием — external gear trainзубча́тая переда́ча с вну́тренним зацепле́нием — internal gear trainзубча́тая, торо́идная переда́ча — toroidal-worm [globoid-worm] gearingзубча́тая, цикло́идная переда́ча — cycloidal gearingзубча́тая, цилиндри́ческая переда́ча — ( общий термин) cylindrical gearing; ( с косозубыми колёсами) helical gearing; ( с прямозубыми колёсами) spur gearing; ( с шевронными колёсами) herring-bone gearingзубча́тая, цилиндри́ческая, эвольве́нтная переда́ча — involute gearingзубча́тая, шевро́нная переда́ча — herring-bone gear, chevron gear driveиндика́торная, дистанцио́нная переда́ча1. ( процесс) self-synchronous remote indication transmission2. ( устройство) (direct) self-synchronous transmission systemкана́тная переда́ча — rope transmissionкарда́нная переда́ча — gimbal drive, gimbal gearклиноремё́нная переда́ча — V-belt transmissionмногокана́льная переда́ча — multichannel transmissionмногокра́тная переда́ча свз. — multiplex transmissionпереда́ча на одно́й боково́й полосе́ — single-sideband [SSB] transmissionпереда́ча негати́вным сигна́лом ( в фототелеграфной связи) — white transmissionпереда́ча непреры́вным излуче́нием без модуля́ции — unmodulated CW transmission, unmodulated CW emissionнереверси́вная переда́ча — unidirectional driveплоскоремё́нная переда́ча — flat-belt [band] transmissionпереда́ча положи́тельным сигна́лом ( в фототелеграфной связи) — black transmissionпро́бная переда́ча в полё́те ав. — signal checkпро́бная, назе́мная переда́ча ав. — maintenance checkпро́бная переда́ча пе́ред вы́летом ав. — preflight checkре́ечная переда́ча — rack-and-gear drive, rack gearремё́нная переда́ча — belt transmissionпереда́ча ре́чи ( системы передачи данных) — voice transmission (capability)блоки́ровать переда́чу ре́чи — depress voice capabilityрыча́жная переда́ча — linkageпереда́ча с акти́вной па́узой свз. — nonreturn-to-zero [NRZ] signallingпереда́ча с амплиту́дной манипуля́цией [АТ] — on-off keying, on-off [A1] transmissionсинхро́нная переда́ча (напр., сельсинная) — synchronized transmission (system) (as exemplified by synchro systems)синхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в дифференциа́льном режи́ме — differential synchro systemсинхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в индика́торном режи́ме — synchro repeater [synchro direct transmission] systemсинхро́нная, сельси́нная переда́ча в трансформа́торном режи́ме — synchro control-transformer [synchro detector] systemсинхро́нная, сельси́нная индика́торная переда́ча — synchro repeater [synchro direct transmission] systemпереда́ча с относи́тельной фа́зовой манипуля́цией [ОФМ] — phase-difference-shift keying [PDSK] transmissionпереда́ча с пасси́вной па́узой свз. — return-to-zero [RZ] signallingпереда́ча с пода́вленной несу́щей — suppressed-carrier [SC] transmissionпереда́ча с части́чно пода́вленной боково́й полосо́й — asymmetrical-sideband [vestigial-sideband] transmissionпереда́ча с часто́тной манипуля́цией — frequency-shift-keying [FSK, F1] transmissionпереда́ча телевизио́нных изображе́ний — picture [video] transmissionтелегра́фная переда́ча — telegraph transmissionпереда́ча тепла́ — heat transferпереда́ча управле́ния вчт. — transfer (of control)переда́ча управле́ния по, напр. отрица́тельному результа́ту — transfer (of control) on, e. g., negativeпереда́ча управле́ния, безусло́вная вчт. — unconditional transfer of control, jumpпереда́ча управле́ния, усло́вная — conditional transfer of control, branchфототелегра́фная переда́ча — facsimile transmissionфрикцио́нная переда́ча — friction transmission, friction gear(ing)цветна́я переда́ча тлв. — colour transmissionцепна́я переда́ча — chain gear, chain(-and-sprocket) transmission; chain drive gearing, chain(-and-sprocket) driveчасто́тно-модули́рованная переда́ча — frequency-modulated [FM] transmissionчервя́чная переда́ча — worm gearingшароди́сковая переда́ча — ball-and-disk gear(ing)электри́ческая переда́ча — electrical transmissionэлектромехани́ческая переда́ча — electromechanical transmissionпереда́ча эне́ргии1. (явление в физических процессах, напр. при соударениях) energy transfer2. ( электроснабжение) power transmissionпереда́ча эне́ргии на постоя́нном то́ке — direct-current power transmission* * *1) transfer; 2) gear -
13 załam|ać
pf — załam|ywać impf (załamię — załamuję) Ⅰ vt 1. (zagiąć) to bend [karton, okładkę] 2. (wgnieść) to cause [sth] to collapse [most]; to cause [sth] to cave in [dach] 3. (doprowadzić do rozpaczy) to depress- śmierć żony załamała go całkowicie the death of his wife totally depressed him- nie załamuj mnie! pot. give me a break, will you?! pot.4. (doprowadzić do upadku) to end- zwycięstwo pod Grunwaldem załamało potęgę krzyżacką the victory at Grunwald broke the Teutonic Knights’ power5. Fiz. (wywołać refrakcję) to refract [światło, falę elektromagnetyczną] Ⅱ załamać się — załamywać się 1. (zgiąć się) [karton, materiał] to bend 2. (zawalić się) [dach, sklepienie] to cave in; [most] to collapse; [lód] to break 3. (stracić odporność psychiczną) [osoba] to break down 4. (zmienić nagle ton) [głos] to crack- głos mu się załamał ze wzruszenia his voice cracked with emotion5. (ulec pogorszeniu) [ofensywa, rynek] to collapse 6. Fiz. (ulec refrakcji) [światło, fala elektromagnetyczna] to refractThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > załam|ać
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